Anatomical Abnormalities in Autism?
Identifieur interne : 000147 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000146; suivant : 000148Anatomical Abnormalities in Autism?
Auteurs : Shlomi Haar [Israël] ; Sigal Berman [Israël] ; Marlene Behrmann [États-Unis] ; Ilan Dinstein [Israël]Source :
- Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) [ 1460-2199 ] ; 2016.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- MESH :
- anatomopathologie : Trouble autistique.
- malformations : Encéphale.
- Adolescent, Adulte, Adulte d'âge moyen, Enfant, Humains, Imagerie par résonance magnétique, Jeune adulte, Mâle, Sujet âgé, Trouble du spectre autistique.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- MESH :
- abnormalities : Brain.
- pathology : Autistic Disorder.
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Autism Spectrum Disorder, Child, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Middle Aged, Young Adult.
Abstract
Substantial controversy exists regarding the presence and significance of anatomical abnormalities in autism spectrum disorders (ASD). The release of the Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange (∼1000 participants, age 6-65 years) offers an unprecedented opportunity to conduct large-scale comparisons of anatomical MRI scans across groups and to resolve many of the outstanding questions. Comprehensive univariate analyses using volumetric, thickness, and surface area measures of over 180 anatomically defined brain areas, revealed significantly larger ventricular volumes, smaller corpus callosum volume (central segment only), and several cortical areas with increased thickness in the ASD group. Previously reported anatomical abnormalities in ASD including larger intracranial volumes, smaller cerebellar volumes, and larger amygdala volumes were not substantiated by the current study. In addition, multivariate classification analyses yielded modest decoding accuracies of individuals' group identity (<60%), suggesting that the examined anatomical measures are of limited diagnostic utility for ASD. While anatomical abnormalities may be present in distinct subgroups of ASD individuals, the current findings show that many previously reported anatomical measures are likely to be of low clinical and scientific significance for understanding ASD neuropathology as a whole in individuals 6-35 years old.
DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhu242
PubMed: 25316335
Affiliations:
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Psychology, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Beer Sheva 84105</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)</title><idno type="eISSN">1460-2199</idno><imprint><date when="2016" type="published">2016</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Adolescent</term><term>Adult</term><term>Aged</term><term>Autism Spectrum Disorder</term><term>Autistic Disorder (pathology)</term><term>Brain (abnormalities)</term><term>Child</term><term>Humans</term><term>Magnetic Resonance Imaging</term><term>Male</term><term>Middle Aged</term><term>Young Adult</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Adolescent</term><term>Adulte</term><term>Adulte d'âge moyen</term><term>Encéphale (malformations)</term><term>Enfant</term><term>Humains</term><term>Imagerie par résonance magnétique</term><term>Jeune adulte</term><term>Mâle</term><term>Sujet âgé</term><term>Trouble autistique (anatomopathologie)</term><term>Trouble du spectre autistique</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="abnormalities" xml:lang="en"><term>Brain</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="anatomopathologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Trouble autistique</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="malformations" xml:lang="fr"><term>Encéphale</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="pathology" xml:lang="en"><term>Autistic Disorder</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Adolescent</term><term>Adult</term><term>Aged</term><term>Autism Spectrum Disorder</term><term>Child</term><term>Humans</term><term>Magnetic Resonance Imaging</term><term>Male</term><term>Middle Aged</term><term>Young Adult</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Adolescent</term><term>Adulte</term><term>Adulte d'âge moyen</term><term>Enfant</term><term>Humains</term><term>Imagerie par résonance magnétique</term><term>Jeune adulte</term><term>Mâle</term><term>Sujet âgé</term><term>Trouble du spectre autistique</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Substantial controversy exists regarding the presence and significance of anatomical abnormalities in autism spectrum disorders (ASD). The release of the Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange (∼1000 participants, age 6-65 years) offers an unprecedented opportunity to conduct large-scale comparisons of anatomical MRI scans across groups and to resolve many of the outstanding questions. Comprehensive univariate analyses using volumetric, thickness, and surface area measures of over 180 anatomically defined brain areas, revealed significantly larger ventricular volumes, smaller corpus callosum volume (central segment only), and several cortical areas with increased thickness in the ASD group. Previously reported anatomical abnormalities in ASD including larger intracranial volumes, smaller cerebellar volumes, and larger amygdala volumes were not substantiated by the current study. In addition, multivariate classification analyses yielded modest decoding accuracies of individuals' group identity (<60%), suggesting that the examined anatomical measures are of limited diagnostic utility for ASD. While anatomical abnormalities may be present in distinct subgroups of ASD individuals, the current findings show that many previously reported anatomical measures are likely to be of low clinical and scientific significance for understanding ASD neuropathology as a whole in individuals 6-35 years old.</div></front></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Israël</li><li>États-Unis</li></country><region><li>Pennsylvanie</li></region><settlement><li>Pittsburgh</li></settlement><orgName><li>Université Carnegie-Mellon</li></orgName></list><tree><country name="Israël"><noRegion><name sortKey="Haar, Shlomi" sort="Haar, Shlomi" uniqKey="Haar S" first="Shlomi" last="Haar">Shlomi Haar</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Berman, Sigal" sort="Berman, Sigal" uniqKey="Berman S" first="Sigal" last="Berman">Sigal Berman</name><name sortKey="Dinstein, Ilan" sort="Dinstein, Ilan" uniqKey="Dinstein I" first="Ilan" last="Dinstein">Ilan Dinstein</name></country><country name="États-Unis"><region name="Pennsylvanie"><name sortKey="Behrmann, Marlene" sort="Behrmann, Marlene" uniqKey="Behrmann M" first="Marlene" last="Behrmann">Marlene Behrmann</name></region></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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